PSA Testing in Birmingham
PSA (prostate-specific antigen) testing is a simple blood test that plays a central role in the detection and monitoring of prostate conditions, including prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Mr Syed Ali Shahzad, Consultant Urological and Robotic Surgeon, provides PSA testing and expert interpretation at private hospitals across Birmingham.
What Does PSA Measure?
PSA is a protein produced exclusively by the prostate gland. Small amounts normally leak into the bloodstream; higher levels may indicate a prostate problem. Whilst PSA is not prostate-cancer-specific, a persistently elevated or rising PSA warrants further investigation.
Who Should Have PSA Testing?
PSA testing is particularly recommended for:
- Men over 50 with urinary symptoms
- Men over 45 with a first-degree relative (father or brother) who had prostate cancer
- Men of African-Caribbean heritage from the age of 45
- Men with symptoms that could suggest prostate cancer
- Men who request testing after informed discussion of its limitations
Interpreting PSA Results
A single PSA value must always be interpreted in context. Mr Shahzad considers the patient’s age, prostate size, PSA velocity (rate of change), PSA density and clinical findings to determine whether further investigation with MRI or biopsy is warranted.
What PSA level is usually considered raised?
There is no single “normal” PSA level for everyone. PSA results are interpreted alongside age, symptoms, prostate size, examination findings, infection risk, medication history and whether the PSA is changing over time.
For people with possible symptoms of prostate cancer, NICE age-specific PSA thresholds are commonly used as a guide:
| Age | PSA threshold |
|---|---|
| Below 40 | Use clinical judgement |
| 40-49 | More than 2.5 ng/mL |
| 50-59 | More than 3.5 ng/mL |
| 60-69 | More than 4.5 ng/mL |
| 70-79 | More than 6.5 ng/mL |
| Above 79 | NICE advises clinical judgement |
NICE reports PSA in micrograms/L, which is equivalent to ng/mL. A raised PSA does not diagnose prostate cancer by itself, but it may mean further assessment is needed.
PSA and imaging review
Consultant review after a raised PSA
A PSA result is interpreted in context. Mr Shahzad can review symptoms, PSA history, examination findings and MRI imaging where appropriate, then explain the safest next step.
Imaging-led assessment
MRI and specialist review after a raised PSA
A raised or changing PSA is interpreted in context. Where appropriate, prostate MRI can help guide the next step, including whether monitoring, repeat testing or biopsy discussion is needed.
Limitations of PSA Testing
PSA can be elevated by causes other than cancer, including BPH, prostatitis, urinary infection and recent physical activity. Conversely, some prostate cancers do not significantly raise PSA. Mr Shahzad takes a balanced, evidence-based approach to avoid both over-investigation and missed diagnoses.
Book a PSA Test in Birmingham
Mr Shahzad offers PSA testing with same-consultation expert interpretation. No GP referral is required. Recognised by BUPA, AXA, AVIVA, Vitality, Cigna and WPA. Book an appointment or contact us.